Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to MAIT cell activation and cytotoxicity
(1, 2, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(1, 5)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(1, 5)
,
(1, 2, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(4, 3)
,
(6, 7)
,
(6)
,
(6)
,
(6)
,
(4, 3, 8)
,
(4, 3, 8)
,
(9)
,
(1, 10)
,
(8)
,
(4, 3, 8)
,
(5, 1)
,
(5, 1)
,
(5, 1)
,
(1, 5)
,
(1, 5)
,
(5, 1)
,
(1, 2, 3)
,
(4, 3)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Matthieu Rouland
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 804327
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8019-7629
Amine Toubal
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 773957
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7760-3852
- IdRef : 185140122
Léo Bertrand
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 797845
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5584-3476
Margarita Hurtado-Nedelec
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 772712
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9681-7653
- IdRef : 204500508
Sandrine Luce
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 759699
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9519-333X
- IdRef : 150736762
Youenn Jouan
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1060173
Mustapha Si-Tahar
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1130796
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5792-7742
- IdRef : 165596201
Thomas Baranek
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 839370
Christophe Paget
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 853149
Christian Boitard
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 760826
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3985-9405
- IdRef : 050746871
Benjamin Terrier
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 762205
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6612-7336
- IdRef : 13141142X
Frédéric Pène
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 778690
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3639-3849
- IdRef : 069669740
Jade Ghosn
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 765906
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2914-959X
Benoit Visseaux
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 769595
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9279-5538
Jean-François Timsit
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 758651
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6063-7383
- IdRef : 077116313
Renato Monteiro
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 761600
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5202-5646
- IdRef : 08025246X
Agnès Lehuen
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 758758
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0450-3321
- IdRef : 070464391
Abstract
Immune system dysfunction is paramount in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and fatality rate. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells involved in mucosal immunity and protection against viral infections. Here, we studied the immune cell landscape, with emphasis on MAIT cells, in cohorts totaling 208 patients with various stages of disease. MAIT cell frequency is strongly reduced in blood. They display a strong activated and cytotoxic phenotype that is more pronounced in lungs. Blood MAIT cell alterations positively correlate with the activation of other innate cells, proinflammatory cytokines, notably interleukin (IL)-18, and with the severity and mortality of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. We also identified a monocyte/macrophage interferon (IFN)-α-IL-18 cytokine shift and the ability of infected macrophages to induce the cytotoxicity of MAIT cells in an MR1-dependent manner. Together, our results suggest that altered MAIT cell functions due to IFN-α-IL-18 imbalance contribute to disease severity, and their therapeutic manipulation may prevent deleterious inflammation in COVID-19 aggravation.